A European Informational Website
learn more
The initial Muslim conquests (632–732) began after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and were marked by a century of rapid Arab expansion beyond the Arabian peninsula under the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs, ending with the Battle of Tours— resulting in a vast Muslim Arab Empire and area of influence that stretched from India, across Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa, to Iberia and the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: